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Objective:To provide reference for establishing the testing method for quality control of neutron beam in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) equipment in China by testing the radiation characteristic parameters and dosimetry characteristic parameters of epithermal neutron beam in hospital neutron irradiator (IHNI).Methods:By comparing the uncertainties in the result of various test items with the deviation values recommended by the European Joint Research Center (EC-JRC), the feasibility of the relevant of testing method was analyzed and evaluated.Results:The uncertainty in epithermal neutron fluence rate was 2.7%. The uncertainty in ratio of thermal to epithermal neutron fluence rate was 3.1%. The uncertainty in ratio of fast neutron air kerma to epithermal neutron fluence rate was 9.3%. The uncertainty in ratio of gamma air kerma to epithermal neutron fluence rate was 8.7%. The uncertainty in spatial distribution of neutron fluence rate was 2.7%. The uncertainty in thermal neutron fluence rate in phantom was 1.8%. The uncertainty in neutron and gamma-ray dose rate in phantom was 17.1% and 4.0%, respectively.Conclusions:The uncertainty in neutron dose rate measurement result in phantom is higher, and further research is needed to improve the accuracy of the testing method. The uncertainty in the measurement result of other test items is lower, and the accuracy of the test result is expected to meet the allowable deviation value recommended by the European Joint Research Center, and the test method is feasible.
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Objective:To explore the application value of 3D printing technology in the precise resection of pediatric retroperitoneal neuroblastoma(NB).Methods:Eleven patients with retroperitoneal NB admitted to the Department of Pediatric Surgery of Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from March 2017 to December 2019 were selected in this study, and all of them received preoperative plain and enhanced computed tomography (CT) scanning of whole abdomen.The original data were imported into the mimics 20 software for processing.The tumor and important peripheral blood vessels were reconstructed with such commands as multi-layer edition, threshold adjustment, regional growth and 3D edition to output the standardized 3D printing stl format file and print out the tumor model by 3D printer.Based on the 3D reconstruction results, the precise surgical planning was performed to determine the optimal operative scheme.The data of all cases were analyzed retrospectively.The parents of these children were investigated by questionnaire and the results were statistically analyzed.Results:All 11 patients successfully underwent the operation under the planning of 3D printing technology.Nine of them had complete tumor resection and 2 cases had palliative resection.The operation time ranged from 140 min to 750 min, with an average of 210 min; the bleeding volume ranged from 100 mL to 1 500 mL, with an average of 240 mL; the postoperative pathological reports revealed that 9 children had NB and 2 cases had ganglioneuroblastoma.There was no case of perioperative death.There were 2 cases of postoperative complications, including 1 case of severe diarrhea with chylous leakage, which was relieved after the treatment of parenteral nutrition and somatostatin, and 1 case of left lower extremity weight-bearing difficulty after left iliac artery anastomosis, which was improved after rehabilitation physical therapy.The follow-up time ranged from 1 month to 30 months.There were 2 cases recurred in the original operation area.One patient received reoperation after chemotherapy; the other continued chemotherapy in progress.As for the 2 cases of palliative resection, they received chemotherapy and survived with tumor.After using 3D model to communicate with children′s parents, their awareness rate of disease, operation mode and postoperative complications were significantly higher than that of CT.Conclusions:3D printing technology can accurately evaluate the structural relationship between retroperitoneal NB and important peripheral blood vessels in children, which contributes to improving the parents′ cognition of the operation mode, and is conducive to selecting the optimal operation scheme and achieving precise tumor resection.
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Objective:To explore the strategy of selecting the second stage operation after neonatal enterostomy.Methods:Clinical data of 35 cases admitted to the Department of Pediatric Surgery of Henan Provincial People′s Hospital for enterostomy in neonatal period and radical operation in the second stage from May 2014 to December 2019 were subject to retrospective analysis.They were inquired about the medical history in detail before the operation, and received barium enema and colonoscopy, 24-hour delayed radiography, anorectal manometry and other examinations.During the operation, a multi-point intestinal biopsy and rapid frozen pathological examination were performed accor-ding to the individual′s condition, and the specific surgical method was determined in combination with intraoperative exploration.Postoperative observations were conducted for such complications as anastomotic leakage, intestinal obstruction, and abdominal infection, as well as such medium and long-term outcomes as intestinal function recovery, defecation, and nutritional status.Results:Nine cases were diagnosed with neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and received ostomy closure.Sixteen cases were diagnosed with NEC concomitant with intestinal stenosis and received the narrow bowel enterectomy and anastomosis combined with ostomy closure; 10 cases were diagnosed with Hirschsprung′s disease, including 5 cases of total colonic aganglionosis treated with Soave radical operation, 3 cases of long-segment Hirschsprung′s disease treated with subtotal colectomy, inverted ascending coloanal anastomosis with Deloyers method and second enterostomy, and 2 cases of normal-segment Hirschsprung′s disease treated with pull-through operation combined with ostomy closure.After the operation, 1 case had anastomotic leakage and septic shock, 1 case had incision dehiscence, 3 cases had adhesive intestinal obstruction and 1 case occurred left lung consolidation.During a follow-up period of 3-36 months, their recovery condition was acceptable.Conclusions:For those neonates receiving enterostomy, detailed medical history should be enquired before the second stage operation.The combination of barium enema and colonoscopy, 24-hour delayed radiography and multi-point intestinal biopsy with intraoperative exploration conduced to selecting appropriate individualized surgical schemes and reducing surgical complications, thus improving the long-term quality of life of children.
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Objective:To explore the curative effects of individualized surgical method for treating pyriform sinus fistula (PSF) in children.Methods:A total of 43 PSF children treated in the Department of Pediatric Surgery of Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from June 2015 to November 2019 were selected, with 41 cases on the left side and 2 cases on the right side.There were 27 cases in the quiescent inflammatory infection stage and 16 cases in the acute inflammatory infection stage.According to patients′ condition, low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation, fistulectomy, abscess incision and drainage or combined operation were conducted.The postoperative complications and recurrence were observed.Results:Among 43 cases, there were 19 cases treated with low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation, 11 cases treated with low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation combined with abscess incision and drainage, 5 cases treated with low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation combined with fistulectomy, and 8 cases treated with fistulectomy.Four cases had postoperative hoarseness and recovered within 1-5 months.One case occurred pseudo healing after abscess incision and drainage, and healed after incision and debridement.Totally, 4 cases recurred, and the follow-up time was from 3 months to 57 months.Conclusions:Low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation has the advantages of minimally invasive, safe and effective, which provides a new treatment for PSF in children.Based on the condition of children, the choice of individualized treatment can significantly improve the curative effects.
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Objective@#To explore the clinical characteristics of glucocorticoid induced eye damage in children with primary nephrotic syndrome.@*Methods@#The clinical data of steroid-induced high intraocular pressure or cataract in 49 children who were from Zhengzhou Children′s Hospital with primary nephrotic syndrome admitted from September 2016 to April 2018 were analyzed retrospectively in order to observe the relationship between relevant eye damage and clinical medication.@*Results@#There were 37 boys and 12 girls in the 49 cases, of which the average age of onset was (7.6±3.0) years old, and among them there were 22 cases with glucocorticoid high intraocular pressure, 19 cases with glucocorticoid cataract, 8 cases with glucocorticoid high intraocular pressure combined with cataract, but no glaucoma in 49 cases.The shortest time of using glucocorticoid was 15-3 240 days[(863.33±871.46) days]; the cumulative dose of glucocorticoid was (7 865±3 691.66) mg/m2, the left eye pressure was (26.68±5.95) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) and the right eye pressure was (27.71±5.82) mmHg.There was no significant correlation between glucocorticoid using time, cumulative dose and high intraocular pressure(r=-0.158, -0.264, -0.237, -0.361, all P>0.05). All the 19 patients with glucocorticoid cataract and 8 patients with glucocorticoid high intraocular pressure combined with cataract presented posterior capsular opacity, including 23 males and 4 females, and their time of using glucocorticoid was(1 296.67±903.35)days, who were followed up continuously.@*Conclusions@#Glucocorticoid-induced high intraocular pressure and cataract should be paid attention to by clinicians.Once high intraocular pressure or cataract occurs, the dosage of glucocorticoid should be gradually reduced or stopped, at the same time, ophthalmologic treatment should be actively performed to avoid serious eye diseases.
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Ex-RAD (ON01210) is a novel and efficient anti-radiation drug with low toxicity developed by US army and Onconova Pharmaceuticals in recent years. The significant survival advantage and low toxicity of Ex-RAD have contributed to the approval by the FDA as an investigational new drug in December 2008. Meanwhile, the drug is currently in phase I clinical trials in humans. In this paper, the chemical structure, synthesis route, detection method and pharmacological action of Ex-RAD were reviewed, and the appli-cation prospect of Ex-RAD was also explored.
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Objective To compare the effects of different extracts of Rheum palmatum on weight and tissue structure of hypothalamusand and pituitary of adult female rats,and screen the main reproductive toxicity extract.Methods The water,chloroform,ethyl acetate,and n-butanol extracts and water-soluble substance of R.palmatum were prepared by polarity gradient extraction method.Female adult rats were randomly divided into blank control group,rhubarb water extract group,and different extracts groups.The dosage of all the groups was equivalent to 4.00 g/kg crude rhubarb.Rats were administered with extracts by gavage for 60 d.Body mass growth rate of rats were calculated before and after administration.The pathological changes of hypothalamic arcuate nucleus neurons and pituitary gonadal cell were observed with light microscope.Results Compared with the blank control group,the body mass growth rate of rhubarb water extract group was decreased (P ＜ 0.05),while those in the different extracts groups were increased (P ＜ 0.01);The hypothalamic arcuate nucleus neurons of rhubarb water extract group showed chromatin marginalization,nissl substance dissolving,fuzzy boundary of nuclear membrane,as well as hell cells,and the total number of adenohypophysis cells reduced and the cells arranged in irregular.However,there were no apparent pathologic changes in different extracts groups.Conclusion Rhubarb water extract administration by long-term dose can reduce weight growth rate and result in pathologic changes of hypothalamic arcuate nucleus and adenohypophysis,while the different extracts can increase weight growth rate significantly and have little effects on the organizational structure ofhypothalamic arcuate nucleus and adenohypophysis.
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Objective To explore the related factors of hepatitis B virus(HBV) drug resistance and their clinical significance . Methods The retrospective analysis was performed on the dinical data in 153 cases of CHB in our hospital during 2011-2013 .The 8 viral drug resistance loci of 4 known nucleosides analogues lamivudine ,adefovir ester ,entecavir and telbivudine were performed the direct sequencing by using the double DNA end termination method(Sanger method);the related clinical factors of drug‐resist‐ant virus genotypes were statistically analyzed and the correlation between prognosis and drug resistance was analyzed .Results A‐mong 153 patients with CHB ,47 cases(29 .8% ) appeared virus genotype drug‐resistant ,the common sites were 204M‐I(18 cases) , 204M‐V(8 cases) ,followed by 181A‐T(10 cases) ,181A‐V(5 cases) ,then 180L‐M (14 cases) .The proportion of viral drug resist‐ance in the patients with family history ,HBeAg positive ,using the nucleotide analogues in the past and the baseline ALT≥5 times was significantly increased ,the incidence rates were 38 .8% ,34 .8% ,34 .6% and 50 .0% respectively .The multivariable COX re‐gression found that HBV‐DNA genetic drug resistance increased the risk of progression to cirrhosis of the liver ,the OR value was 4 .704(95% CI:1 .199 -18 .454) .Conclusion the Sanger method for direct sequencing is reliable and accurate method of HBV‐DNA genotype drug resistance .The proportion of viral drug resistance in the patients with a family history of hepatitis B ,HBeAg positive ,using nucleotide analogues and baseline ALT≥5 times is significantly increased;HBV‐DNA genotype drug resistance also increases the risk of progression to cirrhosis of the liver .
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Objective To establish and evaluate the review criteria of blood routine detection by the Sysmex XE‐5000 hematolo‐gy analyzer in our hospital for improving the effectiveness of the measurement results .Methods 606 blood samples were collected from the outpatients and inpatients during 2014 and performed the microscopic examination by 2 technologists‐in‐charge with the double‐blind method .The average value of these results was used as the judging criteria .According to the 41 items of rule formula‐ted by the international expert group and combining with the patients characteristics of infectious disease hospital and instrument features in this hospital ,20 items of review criteria for blood routine test of our hospital was formulated .Results With the micro‐scopic examination results as the criteria ,among 606 detected samples ,116 samples were in line with the rules and the review rate was 19 .14(116/606) ,in which the true positive rate was 6 .93% (42/606) ,the false positive rate was 12 .21% (74/606) ,the false negative rate was 2 .64% (16/606) ,the true negative rate was 78 .22% (474/606) ,the sensitivity was 72 .41% and the specificity was 86 .5% .The expected values of positive and negative results were 36 .21% and 96 .73% respectively .The total effective rate was 85 .15% .Conclusion The review criteria formulated by this laboratory are reasonable and effective ,which has an important significance in the clinical application for increasing the detection speed of blood routine ,improving the laboratory reports quality , without missed true blood patients and accurately providing the valuable information for clinicians .
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Objective To explore the effect of modified Zexie Decoction on renal aquaporin-2 (AQP2) expression in high-salt hypertensive rat. Methods Hypertensive rats model was established by feeding rat with 8%high salt. Rats (n=50) were divided into model group, modern medicine group, traditional Chinese medicine groups of high, medium, low dose, with 10 rats in each group. The other 10 rats were fed with ordinary diet as normal group. Rats in traditional Chinese medi?cine of high, medium, low groups were given Zexie Decoction suspension of 16.2, 10.8 and 5.4 g/(kg·d) respectively;Rats in modern medicine group was given Valsartan hydrochlorothiazide 16.65 mg/(kg·d);the model group and normal group was ad?ministered with equal volume of distilled water. Animals were feed with medications at 1 mL/100 g by gavage for 4 weeks. On the 1st , 4th , 7th , 14th and, 28th day of administration, we measured SBP and collected 24 h urine. We employed immunohis?tochemistry to detect renal AQP-2 protein expression level and RT-PCR to detect renal AQP-2 mRNA transcription level. Results The rank of SBP from high to low is:model group>traditional Chinese medicine medium and low dose groups>traditional Chinese medicine high dose group and western medicine group>normal group. The rank of urine volume from high to low is:Western medicine group and traditional Chinese medicine high dose group>traditional Chinese medicine me?dium and low dose group > normal group, the difference was not statistically significant between traditional Chinese medi?cine medium and low dose group , or between western medicine group and traditional Chinese medicine high dose group. The renal AQP-2 in epithelial cells along the collecting duct wall of rats in model group show brown particles which are darker and wider distributed than those in normal group and traditional Chinese medicine of high, medium, low dose groups. RT-PCR results show that AQP-2 mRNA expression is highest in rats of model group and lowest in rats of traditional Chi?nese medicine high dose group (P<0.05). No statistical significance of AQP mRNA level was found between traditional Chi?nese medicine low group and model group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Modified Zexie Decoction can lower blood pres?sure by inhibiting the expression of AQP-2.
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@#ObjectiveTo explore the clinical and imageological features of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome(RPLS) during gestation period.MethodsClinical and imageological data of 4 pregnant women with RPLS were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsHeadache, seizure, confusion and visual loss were the mainly clinical manifestations. At MR imaging, the brain typically demonstrated focal regions of symmetric hemispheric edema which may disappear in several weeks. The parietal and occipital lobes were most commonly affected, followed by the frontal lobe cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome. Three of the four patients suffered eclampsia which happened in two days after delivery.ConclusionThere are distinctively clinical features in posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome during gestation period. Most of them are invovled in patients with eclampsia.
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Objective To investigate the cognition and attitude towards the elderly family nursing among nurses and college students in Chengde, and analyze its influencing factors. Methods A total of 1000 college students and nurses in Chengde were investigated by self-designed questionnaire about their cognition and attitude to elderly family nursing. Results Nurses' cognition and attitude towards the elderly family nursing was better than nursing college students, medical students were better than non-medical students; and there was no statistical significance about their expectation for government's senior citizen service among different groups. Conclusions More attention should be paid to family members' attitudetowards the elderly home care, and should strengthen the elderly family care through various way.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analysis chemical components of volatile oil from the seed of Nigella glandulifera (NG), comparing them with those from the seed of foreign N. sativa (NS) and N. damascene (ND), and to quantify thymoquinone in the volatile oil extracted by hydrodistillation (HD) from the seed of NG.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The volatile oil was extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction (SFE-CO2 ) and HD from the seed of NG and its chemical components was analysed by GC-MS, the relative percentage of components were determined by peak aera normalization method and compare with those of the seed of NS and ND. The content of the thymoquinone in the volatile oil was determined by one point external standard method.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>In terms of the volatile compounds, p-cymene is the major component of NG and NS, their relative percentage contents are 33.75% and 61.48%, respectively. beta-Elemene is the major component of ND, its relative percentage content is 73.24%. The relative percentage contents of thymoquinone are 3.73% (HD), 3.80% and 0.08% in NG, NS and ND, respectively. Linoleic acid is a major component of volatile oil by SFE-CO2 in NG, but its content of p-cymene is lower. The absolute percentage content of thymoquinone is 1.58% by HD in volatile oil of NG.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There are comparatively large differences of volatile components in NG, NS and ND.</p>